四六級(jí)聽(tīng)力聽(tīng)不懂,癥結(jié)在哪兒?下面厚學(xué)網(wǎng)小編就來(lái)給大家說(shuō)道說(shuō)道!
對(duì)于大多數(shù)pong友來(lái)說(shuō),聽(tīng)力一直的四六級(jí)考試的一道坎兒·。過(guò)了聽(tīng)力這個(gè)難關(guān),四六級(jí)過(guò)級(jí)就容易多了。
想要突破聽(tīng)力,我們面對(duì)的大的困難就是“聽(tīng)不懂”。聽(tīng)不懂的原因首先在于詞匯量不足——單詞不認(rèn)識(shí),或只認(rèn)識(shí)單詞不會(huì)聽(tīng)和讀。詞匯量是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的基礎(chǔ),同學(xué)們可以借著寒假有充裕的時(shí)間補(bǔ)充自己的詞匯量。
其次,還有pong友反映自己,在做聽(tīng)力時(shí),每個(gè)詞都能聽(tīng)懂,但就是聽(tīng)不明白聽(tīng)力錄音在說(shuō)什么內(nèi)容,不清楚聽(tīng)力段落的含義。這種情況,主要是因?yàn)閷?duì)句型(語(yǔ)法)沒(méi)有掌握。想要聽(tīng)懂段落,先要聽(tīng)懂句子。
涉及到聽(tīng)力段落,主要就是聽(tīng)力新聞和聽(tīng)力講座這兩個(gè)分值較高的題型。我們以新聞為例:英語(yǔ)新聞一般采用結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)短的句子,但為了在一個(gè)句子中包含盡可能多的新聞事實(shí)或信息,使用了大量的復(fù)合句和帶擴(kuò)展結(jié)構(gòu)的簡(jiǎn)單句。
復(fù)合句
1)含賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句
這類(lèi)復(fù)合句大多接在say,ask,report,quote,deny,confirm等動(dòng)詞后,句子的內(nèi)容往往是間接引語(yǔ),許多的設(shè)置都是針對(duì)句子中的細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容。如:
On its Web site,the White House Budget Office says the program to send astronauts to the moon is behind schedule over budget and overall less important than other space investments.
After hours of heated debate,speaker Mahmoud al Mashhadani announced that the vote is scheduled for Wednesday,and can be put forward provided parties in the parliament would reach an agreement on the pact.
Egyptian economic sources said the two sides will discuss the possibility of setting up a joint business council when the Egyptian-Spanish Higher Committee meets in the first half of September in Madrid,Spain.
2)含定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句
在英語(yǔ)新聞中也經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)含有定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。這類(lèi)句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜、信息量大,是新聞聽(tīng)力中的難點(diǎn)。聽(tīng)這類(lèi)句子時(shí),要注意抓住句子的主體部分,即句子的主、謂、賓。例如:
AT&T,which is the only wireless operator in the U.S.selling the iphone,has been the target of much criticism over this past year,as many iPhone subscribers,particularly in densely populated urban areas,have complained about dropped calls,slow Internet access,and poor service.
句中的定語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明了AT&T是什么類(lèi)型的公司。
Eleven fishing boat crew who had been stranded since October in a remote part of Rassia’s Far East have been rescued after sheltering nearly three months at an abandoned military base.
這個(gè)句子中的定語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明了漁船船員的情況。
使用擴(kuò)展的簡(jiǎn)單句
由于時(shí)間限制,英語(yǔ)新聞文體在語(yǔ)法方面的一個(gè)重要特點(diǎn)是句型的高度擴(kuò)展,且結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),將豐富的信息壓縮在有限的篇幅中。常見(jiàn)的方法有使用同位語(yǔ)、分詞短語(yǔ)等語(yǔ)言成分?jǐn)U展簡(jiǎn)單句。
1)同位語(yǔ)
在英語(yǔ)新聞中,句子不僅要簡(jiǎn)潔精練,而且還要盡可能多地傳遞信息,因而不可避免地大量使用同位語(yǔ)。特別是交代人物身份、職業(yè)、年齡的詞語(yǔ),交代組織機(jī)構(gòu)的地點(diǎn)、性質(zhì)的詞語(yǔ),以及交代城市的位置、遠(yuǎn)近、特點(diǎn)的詞語(yǔ)通常都用同位語(yǔ)來(lái)表示。如:
The words and music are an updated version of “We Are the World”,a song that raised at least$30 million for African humanitarian programs 25 years ago.
A song that raised at least$30 million for African humanitarian programs 25 years ago是We Are the World的同位語(yǔ),對(duì)We Are the World進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明。
Four American teenagers,all children of U.S.military personnel,have been arrested on charges of attempted murder after a woman was knocked off her motorbike with rope strung across two poles,Japanese police said.
all children of U.S.military personnel是Four American teenagers的同位語(yǔ),指出這四個(gè)美國(guó)少年的背景。
2)分詞短語(yǔ)
英語(yǔ)新聞經(jīng)常使用分詞短語(yǔ)把次要內(nèi)容融在一個(gè)句子里,這種結(jié)構(gòu)可以使句子簡(jiǎn)單,主謂分明,而且能使每句話(huà)盡可能多地包含信息。許多考題的往往就隱藏在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)中。例如:
That year,the terrorists’ group attacked the athletes’ village,eventually killing 11 Israeli athletes and coaches.
句中包含了一個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)killing 11 Israeli athletes and coaches,補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明恐怖組織襲擊村莊的結(jié)果。
On December 7th,a woman attacked the offices of a Diyala-based Sunni group,fighting al-Qaida in Iraq,killing 15 people and wounding 35,then on December 31,a bomber in Baqouba,detonated her suicide vest close to a police patrol,wounding five policeman and four civilians.
這個(gè)句子包含四個(gè)分詞知識(shí):fighting al-Qaida in Iraq,killing 15 people,wounding35和wounding five policeman and four civilians,補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明了攻擊造成的后果。
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